Location-Based Systems and The Ethics of Privacy



Privacy: A Legal Right in The United States


(Source: National Archives)

United States Constitution, Amendment IV: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

Privacy: A Human Right in The World


(Source: Library of Congress)

United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Article 12. " No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks."




(Source: Apple)


(Source: GM)


(Source: Samsung)


(Source: NBC-Universal)


(Source: Sony-Ericsson)



Purpose of the Technology:


(Source: National Guard, 1042nd Air Ambulance Squadron)

In 2005, The Federal Communications Commission required the carriers to come up with a way to locate their customers their customers' locations within 100 meters, so emergency responders can reach them in a crisis. (Enhanced 911 rule)

People who want to know where their:


(Source: Verizon)

kids are: Chaperone ($9.99 per month) displays the child's location on a map and also allows parents to set up geographical boundaries around such locations as school, home or soccer practice. When the child carrying the phone arrives at or leaves the Child Zone, the parent can be notified via text message. The child's phone lights up and says "locating" once the parent searches for the child.

People who want to know where their:


(Source: Apple)

friends are: Foursquare (5.0 million users)

People who want to know where their:

(Source: Apple)

things are: Find My iPad/iPhone -- free app, 29 languages,

Companies who want to know where their


(Source: Qualcomm)


vehicles are, since 1988


(Source: Accutrack)

employees (or at least their employees' cell phones) are, e.g., plans vary from $59 to $179 per phone per month

Companies who want to know where their:


(Source: McDonalds)

customers are, e.g. McDonalds sends a coupon to our mobile phone when we are near one of their restaurants



Questions to ponder: